Defects per Opportunity (DPO)Defects per Opportunity is the probability of units produced with zero defects by the process. One part or unit may have as low as one opportunity for a defect or it may have infinite opportunities for defects. A complex stamping for an airplane fuselage may have hundreds of characteristics that can each be defective. A simpler product such as nail will have few opportunities. Measurable opportunities are considered. Given: D: # of defects O: # of opportunities for a defect U: # of units TOP: Total number of opportunities = U * O Formula:
Examine the table shown below: D = 19 defects O = 5 opportunities U = 10 nails TOP = 50 total opportunities DPU = 1.9 defects per unit The DPO = 0.38 defects per opportunity. Each opportunity (length, diameter, plating, hardness, material) has an average of 0.38 defects in each nail.
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